Vozes do litoral: uma análise do conflito socioambiental no pontal de Maracaípe, Ipojuca, Pernambuco

Abstract

Maracaípe possesses significant biodiversity and scenic beauty, attracting various conflicting interests, particularly economic ones, that reveal social inequality. Within this context of conflict is the construction of the wall in Pontal de Maracaípe, Ipojuca, Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco. This work seeks to analyze the relationship between power asymmetries and the ecological, environmental, social, political, and economic risks reverberating from the construction of the Maracaípe Wall in 2025. To investigate the conflict and its complexity, a multidisciplinary and multifocal approach was used, structured as a case study. The hypothetical-deductive method was employed, with data and information gathering necessary to identify the stages of the conflict from various historical aspects, through interviews, field visits, and office visits, seeking to construct an analytical framework. Content analysis was used to describe the themes addressed in the speeches and interviews. When investigating the causes and consequences of the conflict, elements associated with environmental racism were highlighted, regarding the forms of unequal distribution of damages, invisibility of subjects, and restriction of access to the territory at different levels such as municipal, state, and federal. This topic was considered fundamental due to the significant coastal territorial area that Brazil possesses, and these conflicts involving the privatization of artisanal fishing areas and the protection of marine-coastal diversity are important at this time because Brazil is a signatory and protagonist of the Decade of the Oceans (2020-2030) and due to the need for the conservation of ecosystems and their environmental services to traditional fishing communities. The research helps to understand the conflict and its dimensions, and thus, to guide initiatives aimed at mitigating the anthropogenic impacts that affect local biodiversity.